* **Raw string literals do not interpret escape sequences, thus enabling us to use regex-specific escape sequences that cause SyntaxWarning in normal string literals (since 3.12).**
* **Argument 'new' of re.sub() can be a function that accepts Match object and returns a str.**
* **Argument `'flags=re.IGNORECASE'` can be used with all listed regex functions.**
* **Argument `'flags=re.IGNORECASE'` can be used with all functions that are listed above.**
* **Argument `'flags=re.MULTILINE'` makes `'^'` and `'$'` match the start/end of each line.**
* **Argument `'flags=re.DOTALL'` makes `'.'` also accept the `'\n'` (besides all other chars).**
* **`'re.compile(<regex>)'` returns a Pattern object with methods sub(), findall(), etc.**
@ -971,7 +971,7 @@ class MyClass:
>>> obj.a, str(obj), repr(obj)
(1, '1', 'MyClass(1)')
```
* **Methods whose names start and end with two underscores are called special methods. They are executed when object is passed to a built-in function or used as an operand,<br>for example, `'print(a)'` calls `'a.__str__()'` and `'a + b'` calls `'a.__add__(b)'`.**
* **Methods whose names start and end with two underscores are called special methods. They are executed when object is passed to a built-in function or used as an operand, for example, `'print(a)'` calls `'a.__str__()'` and `'a + b'` calls `'a.__add__(b)'`.**
* **Methods decorated with `'@staticmethod'` receive neither 'self' nor 'cls' argument.**
* **Return value of str() special method should be readable and of repr() unambiguous. If only repr() is defined, it will also be used for str().**
@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ class <class_name>:
```
* **Objects can be made [sortable](#sortable) with `'order=True'` and immutable with `'frozen=True'`.**
* **For object to be [hashable](#hashable), all attributes must be hashable and 'frozen' must be True.**
* **Function field() is needed because `'<attr_name>: list = []'` would make a list that is shared among all instances. Its 'default_factory' argument accepts any callable object.**
* **Function field() is needed because `'<attr_name>: list = []'` would make a list that is shared among all instances. Its 'default_factory' argument accepts any [callable](#callable) object.**
* **For attributes of arbitrary type use `'typing.Any'`.**
```python
@ -2336,7 +2336,7 @@ D = enum.Enum('D', 'n e s w') # Direction (north, east, etc.).
W, H = 15, 7 # Width and height constants.
def main(screen):
curses.curs_set(0) # Makes cursor invisible.
curses.curs_set(0) # Makes the cursor invisible.
screen.nodelay(True) # Makes getch() non-blocking.
<li><strong>Raw string literals do not interpret escape sequences, thus enabling us to use regex-specific escape sequences that cause SyntaxWarning in normal string literals (since 3.12).</strong></li>
<li><strong>Argument 'new' of re.sub() can be a function that accepts Match object and returns a str.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Argument <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'flags=re.IGNORECASE'</span></code> can be used with all listed regex functions.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Argument <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'flags=re.IGNORECASE'</span></code> can be used with all functions that are listed above.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Argument <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'flags=re.MULTILINE'</span></code> makes <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'^'</span></code> and <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'$'</span></code> match the start/end of each line.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Argument <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'flags=re.DOTALL'</span></code> makes <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'.'</span></code> also accept the <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'\n'</span></code> (besides all other chars).</strong></li>
<li><strong><codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'re.compile(<regex>)'</span></code> returns a Pattern object with methods sub(), findall(), etc.</strong></li>
@ -827,7 +827,7 @@ player = Player(point, direction) <span class="hljs-comment">#
<li><strong>Methods whose names start and end with two underscores are called special methods. They are executed when object is passed to a built-in function or used as an operand,<br>for example, <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'print(a)'</span></code> calls <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'a.__str__()'</span></code> and <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'a + b'</span></code> calls <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'a.__add__(b)'</span></code>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Methods whose names start and end with two underscores are called special methods. They are executed when object is passed to a built-in function or used as an operand, for example, <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'print(a)'</span></code> calls <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'a.__str__()'</span></code> and <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'a + b'</span></code> calls <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'a.__add__(b)'</span></code>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Methods decorated with <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'@staticmethod'</span></code> receive neither 'self' nor 'cls' argument.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Return value of str() special method should be readable and of repr() unambiguous. If only repr() is defined, it will also be used for str().</strong></li>
</ul>
@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ Z = make_dataclass(<span class="hljs-string">'Z'</span>, [<span class="hljs-stri
<ul>
<li><strong>Objects can be made <ahref="#sortable">sortable</a> with <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'order=True'</span></code> and immutable with <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'frozen=True'</span></code>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>For object to be <ahref="#hashable">hashable</a>, all attributes must be hashable and 'frozen' must be True.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Function field() is needed because <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'<attr_name>: list = []'</span></code> would make a list that is shared among all instances. Its 'default_factory' argument accepts any callable object.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Function field() is needed because <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'<attr_name>: list = []'</span></code> would make a list that is shared among all instances. Its 'default_factory' argument accepts any <ahref="#callable">callable</a> object.</strong></li>
<li><strong>For attributes of arbitrary type use <codeclass="python hljs"><spanclass="hljs-string">'typing.Any'</span></code>.</strong></li>
'<strong>Hints are used by type checkers like <a href="https://pypi.org/project/mypy/">mypy</a>, data validation libraries such as <a href="https://pypi.org/project/pydantic/">Pydantic</a> and lately also by <a href="https://pypi.org/project/Cython/">Cython</a> compiler. However, they are not enforced by CPython interpreter.</strong>':'<strong>Hints are used by type checkers like mypy, data validation libraries such as Pydantic and lately also by Cython compiler. However, they are not enforced by CPython interpreter.</strong>',
'<strong>Objects can be made <a href="#sortable">sortable</a> with <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">\'order=True\'</span></code> and immutable with <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">\'frozen=True\'</span></code>.</strong>':'<strong>Objects can be made sortable with <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">\'order=True\'</span></code> and immutable with <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">\'frozen=True\'</span></code>.</strong>',
'<strong>For object to be <a href="#hashable">hashable</a>, all attributes must be hashable and \'frozen\' must be True.</strong>':'<strong>For object to be hashable, all attributes must be hashable and \'frozen\' must be True.</strong>',
'<strong>Function field() is needed because <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">\'<attr_name>: list = []\'</span></code> would make a list that is shared among all instances. Its \'default_factory\' argument accepts any <a href="#callable">callable</a> object.</strong>':'<strong>Function field() is needed because <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">\'<attr_name>: list = []\'</span></code> would make a list that is shared among all instances. Its \'default_factory\' argument accepts any callable object.</strong>',
'<strong>Sequence iterators returned by the <a href="#iterator">iter()</a> function, such as list_iterator, etc.</strong>':'<strong>Sequence iterators returned by the iter() function, such as list_iterator and set_iterator.</strong>',
'<strong>Objects returned by the <a href="#itertools">itertools</a> module, such as count, repeat and cycle.</strong>':'<strong>Objects returned by the itertools module, such as count, repeat and cycle (p. 3).</strong>',
'<strong>Generators returned by the <a href="#generator">generator functions</a> and <a href="#comprehensions">generator expressions</a>.</strong>':'<strong>Generators returned by the generator functions (p. 4) and generator expressions (p. 11).</strong>',
Jure Šorn
2 months ago