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python-cheatsheet
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Iterable duck types, Bytes, Threading

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Jure Šorn 2 years ago
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  1. 10
      README.md
  2. 14
      index.html

10
README.md
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@ -1279,7 +1279,7 @@ class MySequence:
``` ```
#### Discrepancies between glossary definitions and abstract base classes: #### Discrepancies between glossary definitions and abstract base classes:
* **Glossary defines iterable as any object with iter() or getitem() and sequence as any object with len() and getitem(). It does not define collection.**
* **Glossary defines iterable as any object with iter() or getitem() and sequence as any object with getitem() and len(). It does not define collection.**
* **Passing ABC Iterable to isinstance() or issubclass() checks whether object/class has method iter(), while ABC Collection checks for iter(), contains() and len().** * **Passing ABC Iterable to isinstance() or issubclass() checks whether object/class has method iter(), while ABC Collection checks for iter(), contains() and len().**
### ABC Sequence ### ABC Sequence
@ -1946,7 +1946,7 @@ Bytes
```python ```python
<bytes> = bytes(<coll_of_ints>) # Ints must be in range from 0 to 255. <bytes> = bytes(<coll_of_ints>) # Ints must be in range from 0 to 255.
<bytes> = bytes(<str>, 'utf-8') # Or: <str>.encode('utf-8') <bytes> = bytes(<str>, 'utf-8') # Or: <str>.encode('utf-8')
<bytes> = <int>.to_bytes(n_bytes, …) # `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.
<bytes> = <int>.to_bytes(n_bytes, …) # `byteorder='little/big', signed=False`.
<bytes> = bytes.fromhex('<hex>') # Hex pairs can be separated by whitespaces. <bytes> = bytes.fromhex('<hex>') # Hex pairs can be separated by whitespaces.
``` ```
@ -1954,7 +1954,7 @@ Bytes
```python ```python
<list> = list(<bytes>) # Returns ints in range from 0 to 255. <list> = list(<bytes>) # Returns ints in range from 0 to 255.
<str> = str(<bytes>, 'utf-8') # Or: <bytes>.decode('utf-8') <str> = str(<bytes>, 'utf-8') # Or: <bytes>.decode('utf-8')
<int> = int.from_bytes(<bytes>, …) # `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.
<int> = int.from_bytes(<bytes>, …) # `byteorder='little/big', signed=False`.
'<hex>' = <bytes>.hex() # Returns hex pairs. Accepts `sep=<str>`. '<hex>' = <bytes>.hex() # Returns hex pairs. Accepts `sep=<str>`.
``` ```
@ -2054,7 +2054,7 @@ Memory View
```python ```python
<list> = list(<mview>) # Returns a list of ints or floats. <list> = list(<mview>) # Returns a list of ints or floats.
<str> = str(<mview>, 'utf-8') # Treats mview as a bytes object. <str> = str(<mview>, 'utf-8') # Treats mview as a bytes object.
<int> = int.from_bytes(<mview>, …) # `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.
<int> = int.from_bytes(<mview>, …) # `byteorder='little/big', signed=False`.
'<hex>' = <mview>.hex() # Treats mview as a bytes object. '<hex>' = <mview>.hex() # Treats mview as a bytes object.
``` ```
@ -2097,7 +2097,7 @@ from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
### Lock ### Lock
```python ```python
<lock> = RLock() # Lock that can only be released by the owner.
<lock> = RLock() # Lock that can only be released by acquirer.
<lock>.acquire() # Waits for the lock to be available. <lock>.acquire() # Waits for the lock to be available.
<lock>.release() # Makes the lock available again. <lock>.release() # Makes the lock available again.
``` ```

14
index.html
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@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
<body> <body>
<header> <header>
<aside>July 20, 2022</aside>
<aside>July 22, 2022</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a> <a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</header> </header>
@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ Hello World!
<div><h4 id="discrepanciesbetweenglossarydefinitionsandabstractbaseclasses">Discrepancies between glossary definitions and abstract base classes:</h4><ul> <div><h4 id="discrepanciesbetweenglossarydefinitionsandabstractbaseclasses">Discrepancies between glossary definitions and abstract base classes:</h4><ul>
<li><strong>Glossary defines iterable as any object with iter() or getitem() and sequence as any object with len() and getitem(). It does not define collection.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Glossary defines iterable as any object with iter() or getitem() and sequence as any object with getitem() and len(). It does not define collection.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Passing ABC Iterable to isinstance() or issubclass() checks whether object/class has method iter(), while ABC Collection checks for iter(), contains() and len().</strong></li> <li><strong>Passing ABC Iterable to isinstance() or issubclass() checks whether object/class has method iter(), while ABC Collection checks for iter(), contains() and len().</strong></li>
</ul></div> </ul></div>
@ -1618,13 +1618,13 @@ CompletedProcess(args=[<span class="hljs-string">'bc'</span>, <span class="hljs-
<div><h3 id="encode-1">Encode</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;bytes&gt; = bytes(&lt;coll_of_ints&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Ints must be in range from 0 to 255.</span> <div><h3 id="encode-1">Encode</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;bytes&gt; = bytes(&lt;coll_of_ints&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Ints must be in range from 0 to 255.</span>
&lt;bytes&gt; = bytes(&lt;str&gt;, <span class="hljs-string">'utf-8'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;str&gt;.encode('utf-8')</span> &lt;bytes&gt; = bytes(&lt;str&gt;, <span class="hljs-string">'utf-8'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;str&gt;.encode('utf-8')</span>
&lt;bytes&gt; = &lt;int&gt;.to_bytes(n_bytes, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.</span>
&lt;bytes&gt; = &lt;int&gt;.to_bytes(n_bytes, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># `byteorder='little/big', signed=False`.</span>
&lt;bytes&gt; = bytes.fromhex(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Hex pairs can be separated by whitespaces.</span> &lt;bytes&gt; = bytes.fromhex(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Hex pairs can be separated by whitespaces.</span>
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
<div><h3 id="decode-1">Decode</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;list&gt; = list(&lt;bytes&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns ints in range from 0 to 255.</span> <div><h3 id="decode-1">Decode</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;list&gt; = list(&lt;bytes&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns ints in range from 0 to 255.</span>
&lt;str&gt; = str(&lt;bytes&gt;, <span class="hljs-string">'utf-8'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;bytes&gt;.decode('utf-8')</span> &lt;str&gt; = str(&lt;bytes&gt;, <span class="hljs-string">'utf-8'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;bytes&gt;.decode('utf-8')</span>
&lt;int&gt; = int.from_bytes(&lt;bytes&gt;, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.</span>
&lt;int&gt; = int.from_bytes(&lt;bytes&gt;, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># `byteorder='little/big', signed=False`.</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span> = &lt;bytes&gt;.hex() <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns hex pairs. Accepts `sep=&lt;str&gt;`.</span> <span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span> = &lt;bytes&gt;.hex() <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns hex pairs. Accepts `sep=&lt;str&gt;`.</span>
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
@ -1708,7 +1708,7 @@ CompletedProcess(args=[<span class="hljs-string">'bc'</span>, <span class="hljs-
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;list&gt; = list(&lt;mview&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a list of ints or floats.</span> <pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;list&gt; = list(&lt;mview&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a list of ints or floats.</span>
&lt;str&gt; = str(&lt;mview&gt;, <span class="hljs-string">'utf-8'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Treats mview as a bytes object.</span> &lt;str&gt; = str(&lt;mview&gt;, <span class="hljs-string">'utf-8'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Treats mview as a bytes object.</span>
&lt;int&gt; = int.from_bytes(&lt;mview&gt;, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.</span>
&lt;int&gt; = int.from_bytes(&lt;mview&gt;, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># `byteorder='little/big', signed=False`.</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span> = &lt;mview&gt;.hex() <span class="hljs-comment"># Treats mview as a bytes object.</span> <span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span> = &lt;mview&gt;.hex() <span class="hljs-comment"># Treats mview as a bytes object.</span>
</code></pre> </code></pre>
<div><h2 id="deque"><a href="#deque" name="deque">#</a>Deque</h2><p><strong>A thread-safe list with efficient appends and pops from either side. Pronounced "deck".</strong></p><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> collections <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> deque <div><h2 id="deque"><a href="#deque" name="deque">#</a>Deque</h2><p><strong>A thread-safe list with efficient appends and pops from either side. Pronounced "deck".</strong></p><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> collections <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> deque
@ -1739,7 +1739,7 @@ CompletedProcess(args=[<span class="hljs-string">'bc'</span>, <span class="hljs-
<li><strong>Use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'kwargs=&lt;dict&gt;'</span></code> to pass keyword arguments to the function.</strong></li> <li><strong>Use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'kwargs=&lt;dict&gt;'</span></code> to pass keyword arguments to the function.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'daemon=True'</span></code>, or the program will not be able to exit while the thread is alive.</strong></li> <li><strong>Use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'daemon=True'</span></code>, or the program will not be able to exit while the thread is alive.</strong></li>
</ul> </ul>
<div><h3 id="lock">Lock</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;lock&gt; = RLock() <span class="hljs-comment"># Lock that can only be released by the owner.</span>
<div><h3 id="lock">Lock</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;lock&gt; = RLock() <span class="hljs-comment"># Lock that can only be released by acquirer.</span>
&lt;lock&gt;.acquire() <span class="hljs-comment"># Waits for the lock to be available.</span> &lt;lock&gt;.acquire() <span class="hljs-comment"># Waits for the lock to be available.</span>
&lt;lock&gt;.release() <span class="hljs-comment"># Makes the lock available again.</span> &lt;lock&gt;.release() <span class="hljs-comment"># Makes the lock available again.</span>
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
@ -2905,7 +2905,7 @@ $ pyinstaller script.py --add-data '&lt;path&gt;:.' <span class="hljs-comment">
<footer> <footer>
<aside>July 20, 2022</aside>
<aside>July 22, 2022</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a> <a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</footer> </footer>

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