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python-cheatsheet
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Inline, NumPy, Image, Pygame, Pandas

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Jure Šorn 1 year ago
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  1. 27
      README.md
  2. 37
      index.html

27
README.md
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@ -769,12 +769,15 @@ Inline
``` ```
### Map, Filter, Reduce ### Map, Filter, Reduce
```python
from functools import reduce
```
```python ```python
<iter> = map(lambda x: x + 1, range(10)) # Or: iter([1, 2, ..., 10]) <iter> = map(lambda x: x + 1, range(10)) # Or: iter([1, 2, ..., 10])
<iter> = filter(lambda x: x > 5, range(10)) # Or: iter([6, 7, 8, 9]) <iter> = filter(lambda x: x > 5, range(10)) # Or: iter([6, 7, 8, 9])
<obj> = reduce(lambda out, x: out + x, range(10)) # Or: 45 <obj> = reduce(lambda out, x: out + x, range(10)) # Or: 45
``` ```
* **Reduce must be imported from the functools module.**
### Any, All ### Any, All
```python ```python
@ -2679,14 +2682,14 @@ import numpy as np
<el> = <2d_array>[row_index, column_index] # <3d_a>[table_i, row_i, column_i] <el> = <2d_array>[row_index, column_index] # <3d_a>[table_i, row_i, column_i]
<1d_view> = <2d_array>[row_index] # <3d_a>[table_i, row_i] <1d_view> = <2d_array>[row_index] # <3d_a>[table_i, row_i]
<1d_view> = <2d_array>[:, column_index] # <3d_a>[table_i, :, column_i] <1d_view> = <2d_array>[:, column_index] # <3d_a>[table_i, :, column_i]
<2d_view> = <2d_array>[row_range, column_range] # <3d_a>[table_i, row_r, column_r]
<2d_view> = <2d_array>[rows_slice, columns_slice] # <3d_a>[table_i, rows_s, columns_s]
``` ```
```perl ```perl
<2d_array> = <2d_array>[row_indexes] # <3d_a>[table_i/s, row_is]
<2d_array> = <2d_array>[:, column_indexes] # <3d_a>[table_i/s, :, column_is]
<1d_array> = <2d_array>[row_indexes, column_indexes] # <3d_a>[table_i/s, row_is, column_is]
<1d_array> = <2d_array>[row_indexes, column_index] # <3d_a>[table_i/s, row_is, column_i]
<2d_array> = <2d_array>[row_indexes] # <3d_a>[table_i/is, row_is]
<2d_array> = <2d_array>[:, column_indexes] # <3d_a>[table_i/is, :, column_is]
<1d_array> = <2d_array>[row_indexes, column_indexes] # <3d_a>[table_i/is, row_is, column_is]
<1d_array> = <2d_array>[row_indexes, column_index] # <3d_a>[table_i/is, row_is, column_i]
``` ```
```perl ```perl
@ -2762,7 +2765,7 @@ from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
<Image> = Image.open(<path>) # Identifies format based on file contents. <Image> = Image.open(<path>) # Identifies format based on file contents.
<Image> = <Image>.convert('<mode>') # Converts image to the new mode. <Image> = <Image>.convert('<mode>') # Converts image to the new mode.
<Image>.save(<path>) # Selects format based on the path extension. <Image>.save(<path>) # Selects format based on the path extension.
<Image>.show() # Opens image in default preview app.
<Image>.show() # Opens image in the default preview app.
``` ```
```python ```python
@ -3015,7 +3018,8 @@ while not pg.event.get(pg.QUIT):
```python ```python
<Surf> = pg.display.set_mode((width, height)) # Opens new window and returns its surface. <Surf> = pg.display.set_mode((width, height)) # Opens new window and returns its surface.
<Surf> = pg.Surface((width, height)) # New RGB surface. RGBA if `flags=pg.SRCALPHA`. <Surf> = pg.Surface((width, height)) # New RGB surface. RGBA if `flags=pg.SRCALPHA`.
<Surf> = pg.image.load('<path>') # Loads the image. Format depends on source.
<Surf> = pg.image.load(<path/file>) # Loads the image. Format depends on source.
<Surf> = pg.surfarray.make_surface(<np_array>) # Also `<array> = surfarray.pixels3d(<Surf>)`.
<Surf> = <Surf>.subsurface(<Rect>) # Returns a subsurface. <Surf> = <Surf>.subsurface(<Rect>) # Returns a subsurface.
``` ```
@ -3041,14 +3045,13 @@ rect(<Surf>, color, <Rect>, width=0) # Also polygon(<Surf>, color, po
### Font ### Font
```python ```python
<Font> = pg.font.SysFont('<name>', size) # Loads the system font or default if missing.
<Font> = pg.font.Font('<path>', size) # Loads the TTF file. Pass None for default.
<Font> = pg.font.Font(<path/file>, size) # Loads the TTF file. Pass None for default.
<Surf> = <Font>.render(text, antialias, color) # Background color can be specified at the end. <Surf> = <Font>.render(text, antialias, color) # Background color can be specified at the end.
``` ```
### Sound ### Sound
```python ```python
<Sound> = pg.mixer.Sound('<path>') # Loads the WAV file.
<Sound> = pg.mixer.Sound(<path/file/bytes>) # Loads the WAV file or array of signed shorts.
<Sound>.play() # Starts playing the sound. <Sound>.play() # Starts playing the sound.
``` ```
@ -3161,7 +3164,7 @@ Name: a, dtype: int64
```python ```python
<el> = <Sr>[key/index] # Or: <Sr>.key <el> = <Sr>[key/index] # Or: <Sr>.key
<Sr> = <Sr>[keys/indexes] # Or: <Sr>[<key_range/range>]
<Sr> = <Sr>[keys/indexes] # Or: <Sr>[<keys_slice/slice>]
<Sr> = <Sr>[bools] # Or: <Sr>.i/loc[bools] <Sr> = <Sr>[bools] # Or: <Sr>.i/loc[bools]
``` ```

37
index.html
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@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
<body> <body>
<header> <header>
<aside>April 3, 2023</aside>
<aside>April 5, 2023</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a> <a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</header> </header>
@ -660,14 +660,13 @@ func(*args, **kwargs)
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>[l+r <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> l <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> <span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> r <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> <span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>] <pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>[l+r <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> l <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> <span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> r <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> <span class="hljs-string">'abc'</span>]
[<span class="hljs-string">'aa'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'ab'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'ac'</span>, ..., <span class="hljs-string">'cc'</span>] [<span class="hljs-string">'aa'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'ab'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'ac'</span>, ..., <span class="hljs-string">'cc'</span>]
</code></pre> </code></pre>
<div><h3 id="mapfilterreduce">Map, Filter, Reduce</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;iter&gt; = map(<span class="hljs-keyword">lambda</span> x: x + <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, range(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: iter([1, 2, ..., 10])</span>
&lt;iter&gt; = filter(<span class="hljs-keyword">lambda</span> x: x &gt; <span class="hljs-number">5</span>, range(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: iter([6, 7, 8, 9])</span>
&lt;obj&gt; = reduce(<span class="hljs-keyword">lambda</span> out, x: out + x, range(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: 45</span>
<div><h3 id="mapfilterreduce">Map, Filter, Reduce</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> functools <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> reduce
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li><strong>Reduce must be imported from the functools module.</strong></li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;iter&gt; = map(<span class="hljs-keyword">lambda</span> x: x + <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, range(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: iter([1, 2, ..., 10])</span>
&lt;iter&gt; = filter(<span class="hljs-keyword">lambda</span> x: x &gt; <span class="hljs-number">5</span>, range(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: iter([6, 7, 8, 9])</span>
&lt;obj&gt; = reduce(<span class="hljs-keyword">lambda</span> out, x: out + x, range(<span class="hljs-number">10</span>)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: 45</span>
</code></pre>
<div><h3 id="anyall">Any, All</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;bool&gt; = any(&lt;collection&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Is `bool(&lt;el&gt;)` True for any element.</span> <div><h3 id="anyall">Any, All</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;bool&gt; = any(&lt;collection&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Is `bool(&lt;el&gt;)` True for any element.</span>
&lt;bool&gt; = all(&lt;collection&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Is True for all elements or empty.</span> &lt;bool&gt; = all(&lt;collection&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Is True for all elements or empty.</span>
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
@ -2193,13 +2192,13 @@ drawer = cg.output.GraphvizOutput(output_file=filename)
<div><h3 id="indexing">Indexing</h3><pre><code class="bash hljs">&lt;el&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_index, column_index] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i, row_i, column_i]</span> <div><h3 id="indexing">Indexing</h3><pre><code class="bash hljs">&lt;el&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_index, column_index] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i, row_i, column_i]</span>
&lt;1d_view&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_index] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i, row_i]</span> &lt;1d_view&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_index] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i, row_i]</span>
&lt;1d_view&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[:, column_index] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i, :, column_i]</span> &lt;1d_view&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[:, column_index] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i, :, column_i]</span>
&lt;2d_view&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_range, column_range] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i, row_r, column_r]</span>
&lt;2d_view&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[rows_slice, columns_slice] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i, rows_s, columns_s]</span>
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
<pre><code class="bash hljs">&lt;2d_array&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_indexes] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i/s, row_is]</span>
&lt;2d_array&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[:, column_indexes] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i/s, :, column_is]</span>
&lt;1d_array&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_indexes, column_indexes] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i/s, row_is, column_is]</span>
&lt;1d_array&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_indexes, column_index] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i/s, row_is, column_i]</span>
<pre><code class="bash hljs">&lt;2d_array&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_indexes] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i/is, row_is]</span>
&lt;2d_array&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[:, column_indexes] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i/is, :, column_is]</span>
&lt;1d_array&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_indexes, column_indexes] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i/is, row_is, column_is]</span>
&lt;1d_array&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[row_indexes, column_index] <span class="hljs-comment"># &lt;3d_a&gt;[table_i/is, row_is, column_i]</span>
</code></pre> </code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash hljs">&lt;2d_bools&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt; &gt;&lt;== &lt;el/1d/2d_array&gt; <span class="hljs-comment"># 1d_array must have size of a row.</span> <pre><code class="bash hljs">&lt;2d_bools&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt; &gt;&lt;== &lt;el/1d/2d_array&gt; <span class="hljs-comment"># 1d_array must have size of a row.</span>
&lt;1d/2d_a&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[&lt;2d/1d_bools&gt;] <span class="hljs-comment"># 1d_bools must have size of a column.</span> &lt;1d/2d_a&gt; = &lt;2d_array&gt;[&lt;2d/1d_bools&gt;] <span class="hljs-comment"># 1d_bools must have size of a column.</span>
@ -2259,7 +2258,7 @@ right = [[<span class="hljs-number">0.1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0.6</
&lt;Image&gt; = Image.open(&lt;path&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Identifies format based on file contents.</span> &lt;Image&gt; = Image.open(&lt;path&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Identifies format based on file contents.</span>
&lt;Image&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.convert(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;mode&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Converts image to the new mode.</span> &lt;Image&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.convert(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;mode&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Converts image to the new mode.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.save(&lt;path&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Selects format based on the path extension.</span> &lt;Image&gt;.save(&lt;path&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Selects format based on the path extension.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.show() <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens image in default preview app.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.show() <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens image in the default preview app.</span>
</code></pre> </code></pre>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;int/tuple&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.getpixel((x, y)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a pixel.</span> <pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;int/tuple&gt; = &lt;Image&gt;.getpixel((x, y)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a pixel.</span>
&lt;Image&gt;.putpixel((x, y), &lt;int/tuple&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Writes a pixel to the image.</span> &lt;Image&gt;.putpixel((x, y), &lt;int/tuple&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Writes a pixel to the image.</span>
@ -2463,7 +2462,8 @@ rect = pg.Rect(<span class="hljs-number">240</span>, <span class="hljs-number">2
</code></pre> </code></pre>
<div><h3 id="surface">Surface</h3><p><strong>Object for representing images.</strong></p><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Surf&gt; = pg.display.set_mode((width, height)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens new window and returns its surface.</span> <div><h3 id="surface">Surface</h3><p><strong>Object for representing images.</strong></p><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Surf&gt; = pg.display.set_mode((width, height)) <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens new window and returns its surface.</span>
&lt;Surf&gt; = pg.Surface((width, height)) <span class="hljs-comment"># New RGB surface. RGBA if `flags=pg.SRCALPHA`.</span> &lt;Surf&gt; = pg.Surface((width, height)) <span class="hljs-comment"># New RGB surface. RGBA if `flags=pg.SRCALPHA`.</span>
&lt;Surf&gt; = pg.image.load(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;path&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Loads the image. Format depends on source.</span>
&lt;Surf&gt; = pg.image.load(&lt;path/file&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Loads the image. Format depends on source.</span>
&lt;Surf&gt; = pg.surfarray.make_surface(&lt;np_array&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also `&lt;array&gt; = surfarray.pixels3d(&lt;Surf&gt;)`.</span>
&lt;Surf&gt; = &lt;Surf&gt;.subsurface(&lt;Rect&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a subsurface.</span> &lt;Surf&gt; = &lt;Surf&gt;.subsurface(&lt;Rect&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a subsurface.</span>
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
@ -2482,12 +2482,11 @@ line(&lt;Surf&gt;, color, (x1, y1), (x2, y2), width) <span class="hljs-comment"
arc(&lt;Surf&gt;, color, &lt;Rect&gt;, from_rad, to_rad) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also ellipse(&lt;Surf&gt;, color, &lt;Rect&gt;, width=0).</span> arc(&lt;Surf&gt;, color, &lt;Rect&gt;, from_rad, to_rad) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also ellipse(&lt;Surf&gt;, color, &lt;Rect&gt;, width=0).</span>
rect(&lt;Surf&gt;, color, &lt;Rect&gt;, width=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also polygon(&lt;Surf&gt;, color, points, width=0).</span> rect(&lt;Surf&gt;, color, &lt;Rect&gt;, width=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also polygon(&lt;Surf&gt;, color, points, width=0).</span>
</code></pre> </code></pre>
<div><h3 id="font">Font</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Font&gt; = pg.font.SysFont(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;name&gt;'</span>, size) <span class="hljs-comment"># Loads the system font or default if missing.</span>
&lt;Font&gt; = pg.font.Font(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;path&gt;'</span>, size) <span class="hljs-comment"># Loads the TTF file. Pass None for default.</span>
<div><h3 id="font">Font</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Font&gt; = pg.font.Font(&lt;path/file&gt;, size) <span class="hljs-comment"># Loads the TTF file. Pass None for default.</span>
&lt;Surf&gt; = &lt;Font&gt;.render(text, antialias, color) <span class="hljs-comment"># Background color can be specified at the end.</span> &lt;Surf&gt; = &lt;Font&gt;.render(text, antialias, color) <span class="hljs-comment"># Background color can be specified at the end.</span>
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
<div><h3 id="sound">Sound</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Sound&gt; = pg.mixer.Sound(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;path&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Loads the WAV file.</span>
<div><h3 id="sound">Sound</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Sound&gt; = pg.mixer.Sound(&lt;path/file/bytes&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Loads the WAV file or array of signed shorts.</span>
&lt;Sound&gt;.play() <span class="hljs-comment"># Starts playing the sound.</span> &lt;Sound&gt;.play() <span class="hljs-comment"># Starts playing the sound.</span>
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
@ -2586,7 +2585,7 @@ Name: a, dtype: int64
&lt;Sr&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt;.loc[from_key : to_key_inclusive] <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;Sr&gt;.iloc[from_i : to_i_exclusive]</span> &lt;Sr&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt;.loc[from_key : to_key_inclusive] <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;Sr&gt;.iloc[from_i : to_i_exclusive]</span>
</code></pre> </code></pre>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;el&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt;[key/index] <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;Sr&gt;.key</span> <pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;el&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt;[key/index] <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;Sr&gt;.key</span>
&lt;Sr&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt;[keys/indexes] <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;Sr&gt;[&lt;key_range/range&gt;]</span>
&lt;Sr&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt;[keys/indexes] <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;Sr&gt;[&lt;keys_slice/slice&gt;]</span>
&lt;Sr&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt;[bools] <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;Sr&gt;.i/loc[bools]</span> &lt;Sr&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt;[bools] <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;Sr&gt;.i/loc[bools]</span>
</code></pre> </code></pre>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Sr&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt; &gt;&lt;== &lt;el/Sr&gt; <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a Series of bools.</span> <pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Sr&gt; = &lt;Sr&gt; &gt;&lt;== &lt;el/Sr&gt; <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a Series of bools.</span>
@ -2935,7 +2934,7 @@ $ pyinstaller script.py --add-data '&lt;path&gt;:.' <span class="hljs-comment">
<footer> <footer>
<aside>April 3, 2023</aside>
<aside>April 5, 2023</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a> <a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</footer> </footer>

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