From ae7027367b8cec4fe9405bf37b6b7c8c3053aad4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Jure=20=C5=A0orn?= <sornjure@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 25 Oct 2024 17:22:30 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Plot, GUI app, Scraping, Web
---
README.md | 46 ++++++++++++++++++++--------------------
index.html | 48 +++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
pdf/index_for_pdf.html | 4 ++--
3 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 7b6979c..b9eeb83 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1293,7 +1293,7 @@ class MySequence:
```
#### Discrepancies between glossary definitions and abstract base classes:
-* **Glossary defines iterable as any object with iter() or getitem() and sequence as any object with getitem() and len(). It does not define collection.**
+* **Glossary on Python's website defines iterable as any object with iter() or getitem() and sequence as any object with getitem() and len(). It does not define collection.**
* **Passing ABC Iterable to isinstance() or issubclass() checks whether object/class has method iter(), while ABC Collection checks for iter(), contains() and len().**
### ABC Sequence
@@ -2416,9 +2416,9 @@ Plot
# $ pip3 install matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
-plt.plot/bar/scatter(x_data, y_data [, label=<str>]) # Or: plt.plot(y_data)
+plt.plot/bar/scatter(x_data, y_data [, label=<str>]) # Also plt.plot(y_data).
plt.legend() # Adds a legend.
-plt.title/xlabel/ylabel(<str>) # Adds a title/label.
+plt.title/xlabel/ylabel(<str>) # Adds a title or label.
plt.savefig(<path>) # Saves the figure.
plt.show() # Displays the figure.
plt.clf() # Clears the figure.
@@ -2476,7 +2476,7 @@ GUI App
# $ pip3 install PySimpleGUI
import PySimpleGUI as sg
-text_box = sg.Input(default_text='100', enable_events=True, key='-VALUE-')
+text_box = sg.Input(default_text='100', enable_events=True, key='-QUANTITY-')
dropdown = sg.InputCombo(['g', 'kg', 't'], 'kg', readonly=True, enable_events=True, k='-UNIT-')
label = sg.Text('100 kg is 220.462 lbs.', key='-OUTPUT-')
button = sg.Button('Close')
@@ -2487,13 +2487,13 @@ while True:
if event in [sg.WIN_CLOSED, 'Close']:
break
try:
- value = float(values['-VALUE-'])
+ quantity = float(values['-QUANTITY-'])
except ValueError:
continue
unit = values['-UNIT-']
factors = {'g': 0.001, 'kg': 1, 't': 1000}
- lbs = value * factors[unit] / 0.45359237
- window['-OUTPUT-'].update(value=f'{value} {unit} is {lbs:g} lbs.')
+ lbs = quantity * factors[unit] / 0.45359237
+ window['-OUTPUT-'].update(value=f'{quantity} {unit} is {lbs:g} lbs.')
window.close()
```
@@ -2523,28 +2523,28 @@ print(f'{python_url}, file://{os.path.abspath(filename)}')
# $ pip3 install selenium
from selenium import webdriver
-<Drv> = webdriver.Chrome/Firefox/Safari/Edge() # Opens a browser. Also <Drv>.quit().
-<Drv>.get('<url>') # Also <Drv>.implicitly_wait(seconds).
-<El> = <Drv/El>.find_element('css selector', '<css>') # '<tag>#<id>.<class>[<attr>="<val>"]'.
-<list> = <Drv/El>.find_elements('xpath', '<xpath>') # '//<tag>[@<attr>="<val>"]'.
-<str> = <El>.get_attribute(<str>) # Property if exists. Also <El>.text.
-<El>.click/clear() # Also <El>.send_keys(<str>).
+<WebDrv> = webdriver.Chrome/Firefox/Safari/Edge() # Opens a browser. Also <WebDrv>.quit().
+<WebDrv>.get('<url>') # Also <WebDrv>.implicitly_wait(seconds).
+<El> = <WebDrv/El>.find_element('css selector', …) # '<tag>#<id>.<class>[<attr>="<val>"]…'.
+<list> = <WebDrv/El>.find_elements('xpath', …) # '//<tag>[@<attr>="<val>"]…'. See XPath.
+<str> = <El>.get_attribute(<str>) # Property if exists. Also <El>.text.
+<El>.click/clear() # Also <El>.send_keys(<str>).
```
#### XPath — also available in lxml, Scrapy, and browser's console via `'$x("<xpath>")'`:
```python
-<xpath> = //<element>[/ or // <element>] # /<child>, //<descendant>, /../<siblng>
-<xpath> = //<element>/following::<element> # Next element. Also preceding/parent/…
-<element> = <tag><conditions><index> # `<tag> = */a/…`, `<index> = [1/2/…]`.
-<condition> = [<sub_cond> [and/or <sub_cond>]] # For negation use `not(<sub_cond>)`.
-<sub_cond> = @<attr>[="<val>"] # `text()=`, `.=` match (complete) text.
-<sub_cond> = contains(@<attr>, "<val>") # Is <val> a substring of attr's value?
-<sub_cond> = [//]<element> # Has matching child? Descendant if //.
+<xpath> = //<element>[/ or // <element>] # /<child>, //<descendant>, /../<sibling>
+<xpath> = //<element>/following::<element> # Next element. Also preceding/parent/…
+<element> = <tag><conditions><index> # `<tag> = */a/…`, `<index> = [1/2/…]`.
+<condition> = [<sub_cond> [and/or <sub_cond>]] # For negation use `not(<sub_cond>)`.
+<sub_cond> = @<attr>[="<val>"] # `text()=`, `.=` match (complete) text.
+<sub_cond> = contains(@<attr>, "<val>") # Is <val> a substring of attr's value?
+<sub_cond> = [//]<element> # Has matching child? Descendant if //.
```
-Web
----
+Web App
+-------
**Flask is a micro web framework/server. If you just want to open a html file in a web browser use `'webbrowser.open(<path>)'` instead.**
```python
# $ pip3 install flask
@@ -2552,7 +2552,7 @@ import flask as fl
```
```python
-app = fl.Flask(__name__) # Returns app object. Put at the top.
+app = fl.Flask(__name__) # Returns the app object. Put at the top.
app.run(host=None, port=None, debug=None) # Or: $ flask --app FILE run [--ARG[=VAL] …]
```
* **Starts the app at `'http://localhost:5000'`. Use `'host="0.0.0.0"'` to run externally.**
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index 980a8f8..7dc8158 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
<body>
<header>
- <aside>October 18, 2024</aside>
+ <aside>October 25, 2024</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</header>
@@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ Hello World!
<div><h4 id="discrepanciesbetweenglossarydefinitionsandabstractbaseclasses">Discrepancies between glossary definitions and abstract base classes:</h4><ul>
-<li><strong>Glossary defines iterable as any object with iter() or getitem() and sequence as any object with getitem() and len(). It does not define collection.</strong></li>
+<li><strong>Glossary on Python's website defines iterable as any object with iter() or getitem() and sequence as any object with getitem() and len(). It does not define collection.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Passing ABC Iterable to isinstance() or issubclass() checks whether object/class has method iter(), while ABC Collection checks for iter(), contains() and len().</strong></li>
</ul></div>
@@ -1976,9 +1976,9 @@ Processing: 100%|████████████████████| 3
<div><h2 id="plot"><a href="#plot" name="plot">#</a>Plot</h2><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-comment"># $ pip3 install matplotlib</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> matplotlib.pyplot <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> plt
-plt.plot/bar/scatter(x_data, y_data [, label=<str>]) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: plt.plot(y_data)</span>
+plt.plot/bar/scatter(x_data, y_data [, label=<str>]) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also plt.plot(y_data).</span>
plt.legend() <span class="hljs-comment"># Adds a legend.</span>
-plt.title/xlabel/ylabel(<str>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Adds a title/label.</span>
+plt.title/xlabel/ylabel(<str>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Adds a title or label.</span>
plt.savefig(<path>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Saves the figure.</span>
plt.show() <span class="hljs-comment"># Displays the figure.</span>
plt.clf() <span class="hljs-comment"># Clears the figure.</span>
@@ -2022,7 +2022,7 @@ print(tabulate.tabulate(rows, headers=<span class="hljs-string">'firstrow'</span
<div><h2 id="guiapp"><a href="#guiapp" name="guiapp">#</a>GUI App</h2><div><h4 id="aweightconverterguiapplication">A weight converter GUI application:</h4><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-comment"># $ pip3 install PySimpleGUI</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> PySimpleGUI <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> sg
-text_box = sg.Input(default_text=<span class="hljs-string">'100'</span>, enable_events=<span class="hljs-keyword">True</span>, key=<span class="hljs-string">'-VALUE-'</span>)
+text_box = sg.Input(default_text=<span class="hljs-string">'100'</span>, enable_events=<span class="hljs-keyword">True</span>, key=<span class="hljs-string">'-QUANTITY-'</span>)
dropdown = sg.InputCombo([<span class="hljs-string">'g'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'kg'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'t'</span>], <span class="hljs-string">'kg'</span>, readonly=<span class="hljs-keyword">True</span>, enable_events=<span class="hljs-keyword">True</span>, k=<span class="hljs-string">'-UNIT-'</span>)
label = sg.Text(<span class="hljs-string">'100 kg is 220.462 lbs.'</span>, key=<span class="hljs-string">'-OUTPUT-'</span>)
button = sg.Button(<span class="hljs-string">'Close'</span>)
@@ -2033,13 +2033,13 @@ window = sg.Window(<span class="hljs-string">'Weight Converter'</span>, [[text
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> event <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> [sg.WIN_CLOSED, <span class="hljs-string">'Close'</span>]:
<span class="hljs-keyword">break</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">try</span>:
- value = float(values[<span class="hljs-string">'-VALUE-'</span>])
+ quantity = float(values[<span class="hljs-string">'-QUANTITY-'</span>])
<span class="hljs-keyword">except</span> ValueError:
<span class="hljs-keyword">continue</span>
unit = values[<span class="hljs-string">'-UNIT-'</span>]
factors = {<span class="hljs-string">'g'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.001</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'kg'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'t'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1000</span>}
- lbs = value * factors[unit] / <span class="hljs-number">0.45359237</span>
- window[<span class="hljs-string">'-OUTPUT-'</span>].update(value=<span class="hljs-string">f'<span class="hljs-subst">{value}</span> <span class="hljs-subst">{unit}</span> is <span class="hljs-subst">{lbs:g}</span> lbs.'</span>)
+ lbs = quantity * factors[unit] / <span class="hljs-number">0.45359237</span>
+ window[<span class="hljs-string">'-OUTPUT-'</span>].update(value=<span class="hljs-string">f'<span class="hljs-subst">{quantity}</span> <span class="hljs-subst">{unit}</span> is <span class="hljs-subst">{lbs:g}</span> lbs.'</span>)
window.close()
</code></pre></div></div>
@@ -2063,30 +2063,30 @@ print(<span class="hljs-string">f'<span class="hljs-subst">{python_url}</span>,
<div><h3 id="selenium">Selenium</h3><p><strong>Library for scraping websites with dynamic content.</strong></p><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-comment"># $ pip3 install selenium</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> selenium <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> webdriver
-<Drv> = webdriver.Chrome/Firefox/Safari/Edge() <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens a browser. Also <Drv>.quit().</span>
-<Drv>.get(<span class="hljs-string">'<url>'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also <Drv>.implicitly_wait(seconds).</span>
-<El> = <Drv/El>.find_element(<span class="hljs-string">'css selector'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'<css>'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># '<tag>#<id>.<class>[<attr>="<val>"]'.</span>
-<list> = <Drv/El>.find_elements(<span class="hljs-string">'xpath'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'<xpath>'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># '//<tag>[@<attr>="<val>"]'.</span>
-<str> = <El>.get_attribute(<str>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Property if exists. Also <El>.text.</span>
-<El>.click/clear() <span class="hljs-comment"># Also <El>.send_keys(<str>).</span>
+<WebDrv> = webdriver.Chrome/Firefox/Safari/Edge() <span class="hljs-comment"># Opens a browser. Also <WebDrv>.quit().</span>
+<WebDrv>.get(<span class="hljs-string">'<url>'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Also <WebDrv>.implicitly_wait(seconds).</span>
+<El> = <WebDrv/El>.find_element(<span class="hljs-string">'css selector'</span>, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># '<tag>#<id>.<class>[<attr>="<val>"]…'.</span>
+<list> = <WebDrv/El>.find_elements(<span class="hljs-string">'xpath'</span>, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># '//<tag>[@<attr>="<val>"]…'. See XPath.</span>
+<str> = <El>.get_attribute(<str>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Property if exists. Also <El>.text.</span>
+<El>.click/clear() <span class="hljs-comment"># Also <El>.send_keys(<str>).</span>
</code></pre></div>
-<div><h4 id="xpathalsoavailableinlxmlscrapyandbrowsersconsoleviadxxpath">XPath — also available in lxml, Scrapy, and browser's console via <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'$x("<xpath>")'</span></code>:</h4><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><xpath> = //<element>[/ <span class="hljs-keyword">or</span> // <element>] <span class="hljs-comment"># /<child>, //<descendant>, /../<siblng></span>
-<xpath> = //<element>/following::<element> <span class="hljs-comment"># Next element. Also preceding/parent/…</span>
-<element> = <tag><conditions><index> <span class="hljs-comment"># `<tag> = */a/…`, `<index> = [1/2/…]`.</span>
-<condition> = [<sub_cond> [<span class="hljs-keyword">and</span>/<span class="hljs-keyword">or</span> <sub_cond>]] <span class="hljs-comment"># For negation use `not(<sub_cond>)`.</span>
-<sub_cond> = @<attr>[=<span class="hljs-string">"<val>"</span>] <span class="hljs-comment"># `text()=`, `.=` match (complete) text.</span>
-<sub_cond> = contains(@<attr>, <span class="hljs-string">"<val>"</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Is <val> a substring of attr's value?</span>
-<sub_cond> = [//]<element> <span class="hljs-comment"># Has matching child? Descendant if //.</span>
+<div><h4 id="xpathalsoavailableinlxmlscrapyandbrowsersconsoleviadxxpath">XPath — also available in lxml, Scrapy, and browser's console via <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'$x("<xpath>")'</span></code>:</h4><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><xpath> = //<element>[/ <span class="hljs-keyword">or</span> // <element>] <span class="hljs-comment"># /<child>, //<descendant>, /../<sibling></span>
+<xpath> = //<element>/following::<element> <span class="hljs-comment"># Next element. Also preceding/parent/…</span>
+<element> = <tag><conditions><index> <span class="hljs-comment"># `<tag> = */a/…`, `<index> = [1/2/…]`.</span>
+<condition> = [<sub_cond> [<span class="hljs-keyword">and</span>/<span class="hljs-keyword">or</span> <sub_cond>]] <span class="hljs-comment"># For negation use `not(<sub_cond>)`.</span>
+<sub_cond> = @<attr>[=<span class="hljs-string">"<val>"</span>] <span class="hljs-comment"># `text()=`, `.=` match (complete) text.</span>
+<sub_cond> = contains(@<attr>, <span class="hljs-string">"<val>"</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Is <val> a substring of attr's value?</span>
+<sub_cond> = [//]<element> <span class="hljs-comment"># Has matching child? Descendant if //.</span>
</code></pre></div>
-<div><h2 id="web"><a href="#web" name="web">#</a>Web</h2><p><strong>Flask is a micro web framework/server. If you just want to open a html file in a web browser use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'webbrowser.open(<path>)'</span></code> instead.</strong></p><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-comment"># $ pip3 install flask</span>
+<div><h2 id="webapp"><a href="#webapp" name="webapp">#</a>Web App</h2><p><strong>Flask is a micro web framework/server. If you just want to open a html file in a web browser use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'webbrowser.open(<path>)'</span></code> instead.</strong></p><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-comment"># $ pip3 install flask</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> flask <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> fl
</code></pre></div>
-<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">app = fl.Flask(__name__) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns app object. Put at the top.</span>
+<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">app = fl.Flask(__name__) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns the app object. Put at the top.</span>
app.run(host=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>, port=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>, debug=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: $ flask --app FILE run [--ARG[=VAL] …]</span>
</code></pre>
<ul>
@@ -2927,7 +2927,7 @@ $ deactivate <span class="hljs-comment"># Deactivates the active
<footer>
- <aside>October 18, 2024</aside>
+ <aside>October 25, 2024</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</footer>
diff --git a/pdf/index_for_pdf.html b/pdf/index_for_pdf.html
index ef13e17..54f6747 100644
--- a/pdf/index_for_pdf.html
+++ b/pdf/index_for_pdf.html
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
<h3 id="f">F</h3>
<p><strong>files, <a href="#print">22</a>-<a href="#memoryview">29</a>, <a href="#runsabasicfileexplorerintheconsole">34</a>, <a href="#dataframeencodedecode">46</a></strong><br>
<strong>filter function, <a href="#mapfilterreduce">11</a></strong><br>
-<strong>flask library, <a href="#web">36</a></strong><br>
+<strong>flask library, <a href="#webapp">36</a></strong><br>
<strong>floats, <a href="#abstractbaseclasses">4</a>, <a href="#floats">6</a>, <a href="#numbers">7</a></strong><br>
<strong>format, <a href="#format">6</a>-<a href="#comparisonofpresentationtypes">7</a></strong><br>
<strong>functools module, <a href="#mapfilterreduce">11</a>, <a href="#partial">12</a>, <a href="#debuggerexample">13</a>, <a href="#sortable">16</a></strong> </p>
@@ -143,5 +143,5 @@
<strong>type annotations, <a href="#typeannotations">15</a>, <a href="#introspection">32</a></strong> </p>
<h3 id="w">W</h3>
<p><strong>wave module, <a href="#audio">40</a>-<a href="#writefloatsamplestowavfile">41</a></strong><br>
-<strong>web, <a href="#web">36</a></strong> </p>
+<strong>web, <a href="#webapp">36</a></strong> </p>
</div>
\ No newline at end of file