From a3a023f7d84ae1784e19fcc5cb8390c23e89ffeb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?Jure=20=C5=A0orn?= Date: Mon, 9 Mar 2020 01:57:21 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] PyGame --- README.md | 194 +++++++---------------------------------------------- index.html | 167 +++++++-------------------------------------- 2 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 310 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 5b993e4..b5fdea6 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -2933,12 +2933,16 @@ while all(event.type != pg.QUIT for event in pg.event.get()): = pg.display.set_mode((width, height)) # Retruns the display surface. = pg.Surface((width, height)) # Creates a new surface. = pg.image.load('').convert() # Loads an image. + = .convert() # Converts to screen format. + = .convert_alpha() # Converts to screen format including alphas. ``` +* **If no arguments are passed the new Surface will have the same pixel format as the display Surface. This is always the fastest format for blitting. It is a good idea to convert all Surfaces before they are blitted many times.** ```python .set_at((x, y), ) # Updates pixel. .fill() # Fills the whole surface. -.blit(, (x, y)/) # Draws passed surface to the surface. +.blit(, (x, y)/) # Draws passed surface to the surface. +.blit(, (x, y)/) # Draws one image onto another. = .subsurface() # Returns subsurface. ``` @@ -2955,7 +2959,6 @@ while all(event.type != pg.QUIT for event in pg.event.get()): = .x/y/centerx/centery/bottom/left/right/top = .topleft/center/topright/bottomright/bottomleft = .midtop/midright/midbottom/midleft - = .contains() ``` ```python @@ -2966,6 +2969,7 @@ while all(event.type != pg.QUIT for event in pg.event.get()): ``` ```python + = .contains() = .collidepoint(/, ) = .colliderect() index = .collidelist() # Returns index of first coliding Rect or -1. @@ -2985,6 +2989,26 @@ pg.draw.line(, color, start_pos, end_pos, width) pg.draw.lines(, color, points) ``` +### Mixer +```python +pygame.mixer.init # initialize the mixer module +pygame.mixer.pre_init # preset the mixer init arguments +pygame.mixer.stop # stop playback of all sound channels +pygame.mixer.set_num_channels # set the total number of playback channels +pygame.mixer.set_reserved # reserve channels from being automatically used +pygame.mixer.find_channel # find an unused channel +pygame.mixer.Sound # Create a new Sound object from a file or buffer object +pygame.mixer.Channel # Create a Channel object for controlling playback +``` + +```python +pygame.mixer.music.load('test.wav') +pygame.mixer.music.play() +pygame.mixer.music.rewind() +pygame.mixer.music.stop() +pygame.mixer.music.set_volume() +``` + ### Basic Mario Brothers Example ```python import collections, dataclasses, enum, io, math, pygame, urllib.request, itertools as it @@ -3062,172 +3086,6 @@ if __name__ == '__main__': ``` -Django ------- - -```bash -$ pip3 install Django -$ django-admin startproject mysite -``` - -```bash -$ python3 manage.py startapp polls # http://localhost:8000/polls/ -$ python3 manage.py migrate -$ python3 manage.py makemigrations polls -$ python3 manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001 -$ python3 manage.py migrate -$ python3 manage.py shell -$ python3 manage.py createsuperuser -$ python3 manage.py runserver # http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/ -$ python3 manage.py runserver # Runs sever internally on port 8000. -$ python3 manage.py runserver # Runs sever internally. -$ python3 manage.py runserver 0: # Runs server externally. -``` - -### Files -```text -mysite/ - mysite/ - settings.py - urls.py - polls/ - admin.py - models.py - urls.py - views.py - templates/ - polls/ - detail.html - index.html - results.html -``` - -#### mysite/mysite/settings.py -```python -INSTALLED_APPS = [ - 'polls.apps.PollsConfig', - ... -``` - -#### mysite/mysite/urls.py -```python -urlpatterns = [ - url(r'^polls/', include('polls.urls')), - url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), -] -``` - -#### mysite/polls/admin.py -```python -from django.contrib import admin -from .models import Question - -admin.site.register(Question) -``` - -#### mysite/polls/models.py -```python -from django.db import models - -class Question(models.Model): - text = models.CharField(max_length=200) - pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published') - -class Choice(models.Model): - question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE) - text = models.CharField(max_length=200) - votes = models.IntegerField(default=0) -``` - -#### mysite/polls/urls.py -```python -from django.conf.urls import url -from . import views - -app_name = 'polls' -urlpatterns = [ - url(r'^$', views.IndexView.as_view(), name='index'), - url(r'^(?P[0-9]+)/$', views.DetailView.as_view(), name='detail'), - url(r'^(?P[0-9]+)/results/$', views.ResultsView.as_view(), name='results'), - url(r'^(?P[0-9]+)/vote/$', views.vote, name='vote'), -] -``` - -#### mysite/polls/views.py -```python -from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render -from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect -from django.urls import reverse -from django.views import generic -from .models import Choice, Question - -class IndexView(generic.ListView): - template_name = 'polls/index.html' - context_object_name = 'latest_question_list' - def get_queryset(self): - return Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5] - -class DetailView(generic.DetailView): - model = Question - template_name = 'polls/detail.html' - -class ResultsView(generic.DetailView): - model = Question - template_name = 'polls/results.html' - -def vote(request, question_id): - question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id) - try: - selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice']) - except (KeyError, Choice.DoesNotExist): - data = {'question': question, 'error_message': "You didn't select a choice."} - return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', data) - else: - selected_choice.votes += 1 - selected_choice.save() - return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('polls:results', args=(question.id,))) -``` - -#### mysite/polls/templates/polls/index.html -```html -{% if latest_question_list %} - -{% else %} -

No polls are available.

-{% endif %} -``` - -#### mysite/polls/templates/polls/detail.html -```html -

{{ question.text }}

-{% if error_message %}

{{ error_message }}

{% endif %} -
-{% csrf_token %} -{% for choice in question.choice_set.all %} - -
-{% endfor %} - -
-``` - -#### mysite/polls/templates/polls/results.html -```html -

{{ question.text }}

-
    -{% for choice in question.choice_set.all %} -
  • {{ choice.text }} -- {{ choice.votes }} vote{{ choice.votes|pluralize }}
    • -{% endfor %} -
-Vote again? -``` - - Basic Script Template --------------------- ```python diff --git a/index.html b/index.html index 6714168..3ac6c8d 100644 --- a/index.html +++ b/index.html @@ -2494,12 +2494,18 @@ rect = pg.Rect(235, 2

Surface

Object for representing images.

<Surface> = pg.display.set_mode((width, height))  # Retruns the display surface.
 <Surface> = pg.Surface((width, height))           # Creates a new surface.
 <Surface> = pg.image.load('<path>').convert()     # Loads an image.
+<Surface> = <Surface>.convert()                   # Converts to screen format.
+<Surface> = <Surface>.convert_alpha()             # Converts to screen format including alphas.
+
    +
  • If no arguments are passed the new Surface will have the same pixel format as the display Surface. This is always the fastest format for blitting. It is a good idea to convert all Surfaces before they are blitted many times.
    • +
<Surface>.set_at((x, y), <color>)                 # Updates pixel.
 <Surface>.fill(<color>)                           # Fills the whole surface.
-<Surface>.blit(<Surface>, (x, y)/<Rect>)          # Draws passed surface to the surface.
+<Surface>.blit(<Surface>, (x, y)/<Rect>)          # Draws passed surface to the surface. 
+<Surface>.blit(<Surface>, (x, y)/<Rect>)          # Draws one image onto another.
 <Surface> = <Surface>.subsurface(<Rect>)          # Returns subsurface.
 
<Surface> = pg.transform.flip(<Surface>, xbool, ybool)
@@ -2510,7 +2516,6 @@ rect = pg.Rect(235, 2
 <int>   = <Rect>.x/y/centerx/centery/bottom/left/right/top
 <tuple> = <Rect>.topleft/center/topright/bottomright/bottomleft
 <tuple> = <Rect>.midtop/midright/midbottom/midleft
-<bool>  = <Rect>.contains(<Rect>)
@@ -2519,7 +2524,8 @@ rect = pg.Rect(235, 2 <Rect> = <Rect>.inflate(<tuple>/<int>, <int>) <Rect>.inflate_ip(<tuple>/<int>, <int>) -
<bool>  = <Rect>.collidepoint(<tuple>/<int>, <int>)
+
<bool>  = <Rect>.contains(<Rect>)
+<bool>  = <Rect>.collidepoint(<tuple>/<int>, <int>)
 <bool>  = <Rect>.colliderect(<Rect>)
 index   = <Rect>.collidelist(<list_of_Rect>)     # Returns index of first coliding Rect or -1.
 indices = <Rect>.collidelistall(<list_of_Rect>)  # Returns indices of all colinding Rects.
@@ -2535,6 +2541,22 @@ pg.draw.line(<Surface>, color, start_pos, end_pos, width)
 pg.draw.lines(<Surface>, color, points)
 

 
+
Mixer
pygame.mixer.init              # initialize the mixer module
+pygame.mixer.pre_init          # preset the mixer init arguments
+pygame.mixer.stop              # stop playback of all sound channels
+pygame.mixer.set_num_channels  # set the total number of playback channels
+pygame.mixer.set_reserved      # reserve channels from being automatically used
+pygame.mixer.find_channel      # find an unused channel
+pygame.mixer.Sound             # Create a new Sound object from a file or buffer object
+pygame.mixer.Channel           # Create a Channel object for controlling playback
+

+
+
pygame.mixer.music.load('test.wav')
+pygame.mixer.music.play()
+pygame.mixer.music.rewind()
+pygame.mixer.music.stop()
+pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(<float>)
+

 
Basic Mario Brothers Example
import collections, dataclasses, enum, io, math, pygame, urllib.request, itertools as it
 from random import randint
 
@@ -2609,145 +2631,6 @@ SIZE, MAX_SPEED = 25, P(#Django
$ pip3 install Django
-$ django-admin startproject mysite
-

-
-
$ python3 manage.py startapp polls         # http://localhost:8000/polls/
-$ python3 manage.py migrate
-$ python3 manage.py makemigrations polls
-$ python3 manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001
-$ python3 manage.py migrate
-$ python3 manage.py shell
-$ python3 manage.py createsuperuser
-$ python3 manage.py runserver              # http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
-$ python3 manage.py runserver              # Runs sever internally on port 8000.
-$ python3 manage.py runserver <port>       # Runs sever internally.
-$ python3 manage.py runserver 0:<port>     # Runs server externally.
-

-
Files
mysite/
-    mysite/
-        settings.py
-        urls.py
-    polls/
-        admin.py
-        models.py
-        urls.py
-        views.py
-        templates/
-            polls/
-                detail.html
-                index.html
-                results.html
-

-
-
mysite/mysite/settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
-    'polls.apps.PollsConfig',
-    ...
-

-
-
mysite/mysite/urls.py
urlpatterns = [
-    url(r'^polls/', include('polls.urls')),
-    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
-]
-

-
-
mysite/polls/admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
-from .models import Question
-
-admin.site.register(Question)
-

-
-
mysite/polls/models.py
from django.db import models
-
-class Question(models.Model):
-    text     = models.CharField(max_length=200)
-    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
-
-class Choice(models.Model):
-    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
-    text     = models.CharField(max_length=200)
-    votes    = models.IntegerField(default=0)
-

-
-
mysite/polls/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
-from . import views
-
-app_name = 'polls'
-urlpatterns = [
-    url(r'^$', views.IndexView.as_view(), name='index'),
-    url(r'^(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.DetailView.as_view(), name='detail'),
-    url(r'^(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/results/$', views.ResultsView.as_view(), name='results'),
-    url(r'^(?P<question_id>[0-9]+)/vote/$', views.vote, name='vote'),
-]
-

-
-
mysite/polls/views.py
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render
-from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
-from django.urls import reverse
-from django.views import generic
-from .models import Choice, Question
-
-class IndexView(generic.ListView):
-    template_name       = 'polls/index.html'
-    context_object_name = 'latest_question_list'
-    def get_queryset(self):
-        return Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
-
-class DetailView(generic.DetailView):
-    model         = Question
-    template_name = 'polls/detail.html'
-
-class ResultsView(generic.DetailView):
-    model         = Question
-    template_name = 'polls/results.html'
-
-def vote(request, question_id):
-    question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
-    try:
-        selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice'])
-    except (KeyError, Choice.DoesNotExist):
-        data = {'question': question, 'error_message': "You didn't select a choice."}
-        return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', data)
-    else:
-        selected_choice.votes += 1
-        selected_choice.save()
-        return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('polls:results', args=(question.id,)))
-

-
-
mysite/polls/templates/polls/index.html
{% if latest_question_list %}
-    <ul>
-    {% for question in latest_question_list %}
-        <li><a href="{% url 'polls:detail' question.id %}">{{ question.text }}</a></li>
-    {% endfor %}
-    </ul>
-{% else %}
-    <p>No polls are available.</p>
-{% endif %}
-

-
-
mysite/polls/templates/polls/detail.html
<h1>{{ question.text }}</h1>
-{% if error_message %}<p><strong>{{ error_message }}</strong></p>{% endif %}
-<form action="{% url 'polls:vote' question.id %}" method="post">
-{% csrf_token %}
-{% for choice in question.choice_set.all %}
-    <input type="radio" name="choice" id="choice{{ forloop.counter }}" 
-        value="{{ choice.id }}"/>
-    <label for="choice{{ forloop.counter }}">{{ choice.text }}</label><br/>
-{% endfor %}
-<input type="submit" value="Vote" />
-</form>
-

-
-
mysite/polls/templates/polls/results.html
<h1>{{ question.text }}</h1>
-<ul>
-{% for choice in question.choice_set.all %}
-    <li>{{ choice.text }} -- {{ choice.votes }} vote{{ choice.votes|pluralize }}</li>
-{% endfor %}
-</ul>
-<a href="{% url 'polls:detail' question.id %}">Vote again?</a>
-

-
 
#Basic Script Template
#!/usr/bin/env python3
 #
 # Usage: .py