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python-cheatsheet
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Class, Duck types, Paths, Web, Image

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Jure Šorn 3 years ago
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  1. 38
      README.md
  2. 42
      index.html

38
README.md
View File

@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ Inline
<iter> = filter(lambda x: x > 5, range(10)) # (6, 7, 8, 9)
<obj> = reduce(lambda out, x: out + x, range(10)) # 45
```
* **Reduce must be imported from functools module.**
* **Reduce must be imported from the functools module.**
### Any, All
```python
@ -1043,11 +1043,10 @@ class <class_name>:
<attr_name_2>: <type> = <default_value>
<attr_name_3>: list/dict/set = field(default_factory=list/dict/set)
```
* **For arbitrary type use `'typing.Any'`.**
* **Objects can be made sortable with `'order=True'` and immutable with `'frozen=True'`.**
* **For object to be hashable, all attributes must be hashable and frozen must be True.**
* **Function field() is needed because `'<attr_name>: list = []'` would make a list that is shared among all instances.**
* **Default_factory can be any [callable](#callable).**
* **Function field() is needed because `'<attr_name>: list = []'` would make a list that is shared among all instances. Argument 'default_factory' can be any [callable](#callable).**
* **For attributes of arbitrary type use `'typing.Any'`.**
#### Inline:
```python
@ -1245,7 +1244,7 @@ class MyCollection:
### Sequence
* **Only required methods are len() and getitem().**
* **Getitem() should return an item at index or raise IndexError.**
* **Getitem() should return an item at the passed index or raise IndexError.**
* **Iter() and contains() automatically work on any object that has getitem() defined.**
* **Reversed() automatically works on any object that has len() and getitem() defined.**
```python
@ -1646,7 +1645,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
```python
<Path> = Path(<path> [, ...]) # Accepts strings, Paths and DirEntry objects.
<Path> = <path> / <path> [/ ...] # One of the paths must be a Path object.
<Path> = <path> / <path> [/ ...] # One of the two paths must be a Path object.
```
```python
@ -2498,22 +2497,22 @@ run(host='0.0.0.0', port=80) # Runs globally.
### Static Request
```python
@route('/img/<image>')
def send_image(image):
return static_file(image, 'img_dir/', mimetype='image/png')
@route('/img/<filename>')
def send_file(filename):
return static_file(filename, root='img_dir/')
```
### Dynamic Request
```python
@route('/<sport>')
def send_page(sport):
def send_html(sport):
return template('<h1>{{title}}</h1>', title=sport)
```
### REST Request
```python
@post('/<sport>/odds')
def odds_handler(sport):
def send_json(sport):
team = request.forms.get('team')
home_odds, away_odds = 2.44, 3.29
response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'
@ -2766,16 +2765,17 @@ from PIL import ImageDraw
```
```python
<ImageDraw>.point((x, y), fill=None)
<ImageDraw>.line((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...]), fill=None, width=0, joint=None)
<ImageDraw>.arc((x1, y1, x2, y2), from_deg, to_deg, fill=None, width=0)
<ImageDraw>.rectangle((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=None, outline=None, width=0)
<ImageDraw>.polygon((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...]), fill=None, outline=None)
<ImageDraw>.ellipse((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=None, outline=None, width=0)
<ImageDraw>.point((x, y))
<ImageDraw>.line((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...]))
<ImageDraw>.arc((x1, y1, x2, y2), from_deg, to_deg)
<ImageDraw>.rectangle((x1, y1, x2, y2))
<ImageDraw>.polygon((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...]))
<ImageDraw>.ellipse((x1, y1, x2, y2))
```
* **Use `'fill=<color>'` to set the primary color.**
* **Use `'outline=<color>'` to set the secondary color.**
* **Color can be specified as an int, tuple, `'#rrggbb[aa]'` string or a color name.**
* **Use `'width=<int>'` to set the width of lines or contours.**
* **Use `'outline=<color>'` to set the color of the contours.**
* **Colors can be specified as an int, tuple, `'#rrggbb[aa]'` string or a color name.**
Animation

42
index.html
View File

@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ pre.prettyprint {
<body>
<header>
<aside>October 21, 2021</aside>
<aside>October 22, 2021</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</header>
@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ func(*args, **kwargs)
</code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li><strong>Reduce must be imported from functools module.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Reduce must be imported from the functools module.</strong></li>
</ul>
<div><h3 id="anyall">Any, All</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;bool&gt; = any(&lt;collection&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Is `bool(el)` True for any element.</span>
&lt;bool&gt; = all(&lt;collection&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Is True for all elements or empty.</span>
@ -1035,11 +1035,10 @@ Z = dataclasses.make_dataclass(<span class="hljs-string">'Z'</span>, [<span clas
<ul>
<li><strong>For arbitrary type use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'typing.Any'</span></code>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Objects can be made sortable with <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'order=True'</span></code> and immutable with <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'frozen=True'</span></code>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>For object to be hashable, all attributes must be hashable and frozen must be True.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Function field() is needed because <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'&lt;attr_name&gt;: list = []'</span></code> would make a list that is shared among all instances.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Default_factory can be any <a href="#callable">callable</a>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Function field() is needed because <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'&lt;attr_name&gt;: list = []'</span></code> would make a list that is shared among all instances. Argument 'default_factory' can be any <a href="#callable">callable</a>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>For attributes of arbitrary type use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'typing.Any'</span></code>.</strong></li>
</ul>
<div><h4 id="inline-1">Inline:</h4><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> dataclasses <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> make_dataclass
&lt;class&gt; = make_dataclass(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;class_name&gt;'</span>, &lt;coll_of_attribute_names&gt;)
@ -1215,7 +1214,7 @@ Hello World!
<div><h3 id="sequence">Sequence</h3><ul>
<li><strong>Only required methods are len() and getitem().</strong></li>
<li><strong>Getitem() should return an item at index or raise IndexError.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Getitem() should return an item at the passed index or raise IndexError.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Iter() and contains() automatically work on any object that has getitem() defined.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Reversed() automatically works on any object that has len() and getitem() defined.</strong></li>
</ul><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">MySequence</span>:</span>
@ -1543,7 +1542,7 @@ value = args.&lt;name&gt;
</code></pre></div>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Path&gt; = Path(&lt;path&gt; [, ...]) <span class="hljs-comment"># Accepts strings, Paths and DirEntry objects.</span>
&lt;Path&gt; = &lt;path&gt; / &lt;path&gt; [/ ...] <span class="hljs-comment"># One of the paths must be a Path object.</span>
&lt;Path&gt; = &lt;path&gt; / &lt;path&gt; [/ ...] <span class="hljs-comment"># One of the two paths must be a Path object.</span>
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;Path&gt; = Path() <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns relative cwd. Also Path('.').</span>
&lt;Path&gt; = Path.cwd() <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns absolute cwd. Also Path().resolve().</span>
@ -2188,18 +2187,18 @@ WIKI_URL = <span class="hljs-string">'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(prog
run(host=<span class="hljs-string">'0.0.0.0'</span>, port=<span class="hljs-number">80</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Runs globally.</span>
</code></pre></div>
<div><h3 id="staticrequest">Static Request</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-meta">@route('/img/&lt;image&gt;')</span>
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">send_image</span><span class="hljs-params">(image)</span>:</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> static_file(image, <span class="hljs-string">'img_dir/'</span>, mimetype=<span class="hljs-string">'image/png'</span>)
<div><h3 id="staticrequest">Static Request</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-meta">@route('/img/&lt;filename&gt;')</span>
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">send_file</span><span class="hljs-params">(filename)</span>:</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> static_file(filename, root=<span class="hljs-string">'img_dir/'</span>)
</code></pre></div>
<div><h3 id="dynamicrequest">Dynamic Request</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-meta">@route('/&lt;sport&gt;')</span>
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">send_page</span><span class="hljs-params">(sport)</span>:</span>
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">send_html</span><span class="hljs-params">(sport)</span>:</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> template(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;h1&gt;{{title}}&lt;/h1&gt;'</span>, title=sport)
</code></pre></div>
<div><h3 id="restrequest">REST Request</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-meta">@post('/&lt;sport&gt;/odds')</span>
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">odds_handler</span><span class="hljs-params">(sport)</span>:</span>
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">send_json</span><span class="hljs-params">(sport)</span>:</span>
team = request.forms.get(<span class="hljs-string">'team'</span>)
home_odds, away_odds = <span class="hljs-number">2.44</span>, <span class="hljs-number">3.29</span>
response.headers[<span class="hljs-string">'Content-Type'</span>] = <span class="hljs-string">'application/json'</span>
@ -2390,17 +2389,18 @@ img.convert(<span class="hljs-string">'RGB'</span>).save(<span class="hljs-strin
&lt;ImageDraw&gt; = ImageDraw.Draw(&lt;Image&gt;)
</code></pre></div>
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.point((x, y), fill=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>)
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.line((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...]), fill=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>, width=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>, joint=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>)
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.arc((x1, y1, x2, y2), from_deg, to_deg, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>, width=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>)
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.rectangle((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>, outline=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>, width=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>)
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.polygon((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...]), fill=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>, outline=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>)
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.ellipse((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>, outline=<span class="hljs-keyword">None</span>, width=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>)
<pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.point((x, y))
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.line((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...]))
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.arc((x1, y1, x2, y2), from_deg, to_deg)
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.rectangle((x1, y1, x2, y2))
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.polygon((x1, y1, x2, y2 [, ...]))
&lt;ImageDraw&gt;.ellipse((x1, y1, x2, y2))
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><strong>Use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'fill=&lt;color&gt;'</span></code> to set the primary color.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'outline=&lt;color&gt;'</span></code> to set the secondary color.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Color can be specified as an int, tuple, <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'#rrggbb[aa]'</span></code> string or a color name.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'width=&lt;int&gt;'</span></code> to set the width of lines or contours.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Use <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'outline=&lt;color&gt;'</span></code> to set the color of the contours.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Colors can be specified as an int, tuple, <code class="python hljs"><span class="hljs-string">'#rrggbb[aa]'</span></code> string or a color name.</strong></li>
</ul>
<div><h2 id="animation"><a href="#animation" name="animation">#</a>Animation</h2><div><h4 id="createsagifofabouncingball">Creates a GIF of a bouncing ball:</h4><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-comment"># $ pip3 install imageio</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> PIL <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> Image, ImageDraw
@ -3017,7 +3017,7 @@ $ pyinstaller script.py --add-data '&lt;path&gt;:.' <span class="hljs-comment">
<footer>
<aside>October 21, 2021</aside>
<aside>October 22, 2021</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</footer>

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