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@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ Iterator |
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for line in iter(input, ''): |
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for line in iter(input, ''): |
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... |
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... |
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``` |
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``` |
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* Use `partial` from functools if function needs arguments: |
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* Use `partial` from functools if function needs arguments. |
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#### Skips first element. |
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#### Skips first element: |
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```python |
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```python |
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next(<iter>) |
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next(<iter>) |
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for element in <iter>: |
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for element in <iter>: |
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@ -360,19 +360,16 @@ sys.argv |
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### Read File |
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### Read File |
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```python |
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```python |
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with open(file_name, encoding='utf-8') as file: |
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return file.readlines() |
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``` |
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```python |
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def get_file_contents(file_name): |
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with open(file_name, encoding='utf-8') as file: |
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def read_file(filename): |
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with open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as file: |
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return file.readlines() |
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return file.readlines() |
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``` |
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``` |
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### Write to File |
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### Write to File |
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```python |
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```python |
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with open(file_name, 'w', enconding='utf-8') as file: |
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file.write(text) |
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def write_to_file(filename, text): |
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with open(filename, 'w', enconding='utf-8') as file: |
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file.write(text) |
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``` |
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``` |
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### Execute Command |
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### Execute Command |
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@ -424,7 +421,7 @@ db = sqlite3.connect(file_name) |
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```python |
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```python |
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cursor = db.execute(<query>) |
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cursor = db.execute(<query>) |
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if cursor: |
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if cursor: |
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cursor.fetchall() # Or "cursor.fetchone()" |
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cursor.fetchall() # Or cursor.fetchone() |
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db.close() |
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db.close() |
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``` |
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``` |
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@ -536,7 +533,7 @@ islice([1, 2, 3], 1, None) |
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[2, 3] |
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[2, 3] |
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``` |
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``` |
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### Ifilter/imap/izip |
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### Ifilter, imap and izip |
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* Filter, map and zip functions that return generators instead of iterators. |
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* Filter, map and zip functions that return generators instead of iterators. |
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@ -583,7 +580,7 @@ False |
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### Type |
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### Type |
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Type is the root class. If only passed the object it returns it's type. |
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Type is the root class. If only passed the object it returns it's type. |
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Otherwise it creates new class (and not the instance!). |
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Otherwise it creates a new class (and not the instance!). |
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```python |
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```python |
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type(class_name, parents<tuple>, attributes<dict>) |
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type(class_name, parents<tuple>, attributes<dict>) |
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``` |
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``` |
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@ -594,7 +591,7 @@ type(class_name, parents<tuple>, attributes<dict>) |
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``` |
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``` |
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### MetaClass |
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### MetaClass |
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#### Classes that create classes. |
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#### Class that creates class: |
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```python |
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```python |
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def my_meta_class(name, parents, attrs): |
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def my_meta_class(name, parents, attrs): |
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... |
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... |
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