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python-cheatsheet
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Bytes, Profile

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Jure Šorn 2 years ago
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2 changed files with 16 additions and 16 deletions
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  1. 14
      README.md
  2. 18
      index.html

14
README.md
View File

@ -1946,7 +1946,7 @@ Bytes
<bytes> = bytes(<coll_of_ints>) # Ints must be in range from 0 to 255.
<bytes> = bytes(<str>, 'utf-8') # Or: <str>.encode('utf-8')
<bytes> = <int>.to_bytes(n_bytes, …) # `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.
<bytes> = bytes.fromhex('<hex>') # Hex pairs can be separated by spaces.
<bytes> = bytes.fromhex('<hex>') # Hex pairs can be separated by whitespaces.
```
### Decode
@ -1954,7 +1954,7 @@ Bytes
<list> = list(<bytes>) # Returns ints in range from 0 to 255.
<str> = str(<bytes>, 'utf-8') # Or: <bytes>.decode('utf-8')
<int> = int.from_bytes(<bytes>, …) # `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.
'<hex>' = <bytes>.hex() # Returns a string of hexadecimal pairs.
'<hex>' = <bytes>.hex() # Returns hex pairs. Accepts `sep=<str>`.
```
### Read Bytes from File
@ -2615,11 +2615,11 @@ Line # Mem usage Increment Line Contents
#### Generates a PNG image of the call graph with highlighted bottlenecks:
```python
# $ pip3 install pycallgraph2
from pycallgraph2 import output, PyCallGraph
from datetime import datetime
filename = f'profile-{datetime.now():%Y%m%d%H%M%S}.png'
drawer = output.GraphvizOutput(output_file=filename)
with PyCallGraph(drawer):
# $ apt install graphviz
import pycallgraph2 as cg, datetime
filename = f'profile-{datetime.datetime.now():%Y%m%d%H%M%S}.png'
drawer = cg.output.GraphvizOutput(output_file=filename)
with cg.PyCallGraph(drawer):
<code_to_be_profiled>
```

18
index.html
View File

@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
<body>
<header>
<aside>May 28, 2022</aside>
<aside>May 31, 2022</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</header>
@ -1618,13 +1618,13 @@ CompletedProcess(args=[<span class="hljs-string">'bc'</span>, <span class="hljs-
<div><h3 id="encode-1">Encode</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;bytes&gt; = bytes(&lt;coll_of_ints&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Ints must be in range from 0 to 255.</span>
&lt;bytes&gt; = bytes(&lt;str&gt;, <span class="hljs-string">'utf-8'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;str&gt;.encode('utf-8')</span>
&lt;bytes&gt; = &lt;int&gt;.to_bytes(n_bytes, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.</span>
&lt;bytes&gt; = bytes.fromhex(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Hex pairs can be separated by spaces.</span>
&lt;bytes&gt; = bytes.fromhex(<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Hex pairs can be separated by whitespaces.</span>
</code></pre></div>
<div><h3 id="decode-1">Decode</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs">&lt;list&gt; = list(&lt;bytes&gt;) <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns ints in range from 0 to 255.</span>
&lt;str&gt; = str(&lt;bytes&gt;, <span class="hljs-string">'utf-8'</span>) <span class="hljs-comment"># Or: &lt;bytes&gt;.decode('utf-8')</span>
&lt;int&gt; = int.from_bytes(&lt;bytes&gt;, …) <span class="hljs-comment"># `byteorder='big/little', signed=False`.</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span> = &lt;bytes&gt;.hex() <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns a string of hexadecimal pairs.</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'&lt;hex&gt;'</span> = &lt;bytes&gt;.hex() <span class="hljs-comment"># Returns hex pairs. Accepts `sep=&lt;str&gt;`.</span>
</code></pre></div>
<div><h3 id="readbytesfromfile">Read Bytes from File</h3><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">read_bytes</span><span class="hljs-params">(filename)</span>:</span>
@ -2137,11 +2137,11 @@ Line # Mem usage Increment Line Contents
4 38.477 MiB 0.465 MiB b = {*range(10000)}
</code></pre>
<div><h3 id="callgraph">Call Graph</h3><div><h4 id="generatesapngimageofthecallgraphwithhighlightedbottlenecks">Generates a PNG image of the call graph with highlighted bottlenecks:</h4><pre><code class="python language-python hljs"><span class="hljs-comment"># $ pip3 install pycallgraph2</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> pycallgraph2 <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> output, PyCallGraph
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> datetime <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> datetime
filename = <span class="hljs-string">f'profile-<span class="hljs-subst">{datetime.now():%Y%m%d%H%M%S}</span>.png'</span>
drawer = output.GraphvizOutput(output_file=filename)
<span class="hljs-keyword">with</span> PyCallGraph(drawer):
<span class="hljs-comment"># $ apt install graphviz</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> pycallgraph2 <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> cg, datetime
filename = <span class="hljs-string">f'profile-<span class="hljs-subst">{datetime.datetime.now():%Y%m%d%H%M%S}</span>.png'</span>
drawer = cg.output.GraphvizOutput(output_file=filename)
<span class="hljs-keyword">with</span> cg.PyCallGraph(drawer):
&lt;code_to_be_profiled&gt;
</code></pre></div></div>
@ -2896,7 +2896,7 @@ $ pyinstaller script.py --add-data '&lt;path&gt;:.' <span class="hljs-comment">
<footer>
<aside>May 28, 2022</aside>
<aside>May 31, 2022</aside>
<a href="https://gto76.github.io" rel="author">Jure Šorn</a>
</footer>

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