# Semantic

Semantic is a set of specifications for sharing UI elements between developers. Semantic is also a UI library to make front end development simpler and easier to learn.

## The Library

### Getting Started

The Semantic library describes many UI elements. In most instances it might be best to build a custom build with only the elements you need.

You can use our build tool to select only the components you want

    http://semantic-ui.com/download

Or download the entire library and build out the code yourself using [Grunt](http://gruntjs.com/) or another package management system.

    git clone git@github.com:quirkyinc/semantic.git

If you prefer to download the whole kit and kaboodle you can grab that as well.

    http://semantic-ui.com/ui/semantic.min.css
    http://semantic-ui.com/ui/semantic.min.js

## The Specification

The aim of the specification is to develop conventions around structuring and naming code for interface elements. 

By defining a vocabulary the development community can exchange javascript and css definitions of UI in a similar language, making new code easier to grock, and reducing the complexity of starting a new project, or changing a sites design.


### How it is defined

#### Scope of a definition

**All UI**: The specification defines class name and html structures which can be used to represent an element

**Elements**: The specification outlines states that an elements can exist, lists common types, or variations, of an element, and if necessary, defines how the element functions in groups.

**Collections**: The specification defines a list of elements that it can include, and ways which variations in the collection can affect each element.

**Modules**: The specification defines a set of behaviors the module is expected to perform.

**Views**: The specification defines the types of content it usually contains, and a standard heirarchy for presenting the content to the user.

#### Based on class

Semantic is based on class names, instead of tags. This means, except for links, tables and form elements, you can use semantic with tags like ``<div> <article> <nav>`` without any difference.

#### Context sensitive

In Semantic, variations maintain context based on the element they modify, but keep the same vocabulary between elements. Just like how in English, the adjective 'big' may describe a different scale for a big planet versus a big insect.

For example, a form you can have a variation called "inverted". This changes the appearance of form elements to work on dark backgrounds.
```html
<div class="ui inverted form">
    <div class="field">
        <label>Name</label>
        <input type="text">
    </div>
</div>
```

The same variation can also be useful in the context of a menu.
```html
<div class="ui inverted menu">
    <div class="item">Section 1</div>
    <div class="dropdown item">
        Dropdown
        <div class="menu">
            <div class="item">Dropdown item 1</div>
            <div class="item">Dropdown item 2</div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
```

#### Example

Here is part of Semantic's definition of a button

**Standard**: A button is a shape that can be pressed in to complete an action.
```html
    <div class="ui button"></div>
```
**State**: A button can sometimes be active, designating it is selected by the user.

```html
<div class="ui active button">
```

**Variations**: A button may sometimes look different than its prototype. 
```html
<div class="ui large blue icon button">
  <i class="ui icon heart"></i>
</div>
```

**Plurality**: A button can sometimes exist in a group of buttons
``` html
<div class="ui large blue buttons">
  <div class="ui button">
    I am blue
  </div>
  <div class="ui button">
    I am blue too
  </div>
</div>
```

## Types of UI

UI components are split into four categories, ranging from smallest to largest in scope: 
* UI Elements
* UI Collections
* UI Modules
* UI Views

### UI Elements
UI Elements are interface elements which do not contain other elements inside themselves. This can be thought of as similar in definition as an "element" in chemistry.

UI elements can have plural definitions when they are known to exist together frequently. 

In this case each button will be large because we understand it is a part of the large button group
``` html
<div class="large buttons">
  <div class="ui button">Cancel</div>
  <div class="ui positive button">Continue</div>
</div>
```

Examples of UI elements:
* Buttons
* Labels
* Headers
* Progress bars


### UI Collections
UI Collections are groups of heteregeneous UI elements which are usually found together. Carrying the chemistry metaphor, these can be thought of as molecules.

UI collections have a definition of elements that exist, or could exist inside of them. They do not usually require all elements to be found, but they describe a list of the "usual suspects". Unlike elements, collections are not typically useful to define in plural.

Examples of UI collections: 
* Forms
* Tables
* Grids (Layout)
* Menus
 

## UI Modules

UI modules are elements where it's behavior is a fundamental part of its definition. UI Modules are dependent on the javascript which carry their definition. They also may be more complex, and have a variety of different functions. Further abusing the scientific analogy: These can be thought of as "organs".

Examples of UI modules:
* Popups
* Modals
* Chatrooms
* Calendar Pickers

## UI Views
UI Views are common ways to structure types of content so that it can be understood more easily. A view's definition in semantic only describes the content which typically occupies the view.

Examples of UI views:
* Comment Feed
* Activity Feed
* Product List


## Usage

### Specification

#### I want to contribute to the spec

Semantic is very new standard, and we need a community to become truly useful. We're working currently to determine the best ways to engage the community for contribution. If you'd like to participate feel free to reach out by e-mail [semantic@quirky.com](mailto:semantic@quirky.com)